Improved lime-kiln



NiTEo STATES HALSEY PELTON, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVED LIME-KILN.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 54,943, dated May 22, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known thatI, HALsEY PEL'roN, of Erie, in the county ofErie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Draw Lime-Kilns; and Ido hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and 'exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- 1 Figure l is a perspective View of alime-kiln made according to my invention. Fig. 2 is an axial section thereof. Fig. 3 is a (letali View of one of the coal-guides.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

This invention consists in several particulars, one of which is giving a cylindrical form to the base of a kiln and placing the furnaces or fire-chambers of the kiln radially about it, so as to heat the kiln on all sides equally, and so reduce all parts of the charge to lime with uniformity. Another is constructing the furnaces so that they can be used with either wood or coal. kiln which is above the flues of boiler or other iron, inside of which is a lining` of tire-brick, an annular space being left between the two, which is filled up with leached ashes or other poor conductor of heat. Another is placing a draw-gate at the lowest part of the bottom of' the kiln, through which the lime falls, in contradistinction from a gate at the side, through which itishauled out. Another is converging the bottom of the kiln so that its lowest place comes at one side of its axis, in line with the wall. 'Another is dividing the fire-brick lining of t-he kiln into an upper and a lower part by means of a ange projecting inward from the inner cylinder, so that the lower part, which is most exposed to the action of the resfcan be repaired without requiring the upper part to be removed.

A designates the base of the kiln, in which are placed the furnaces by means of which the charge is reduced to lime. The furnaces are arranged in radial positions, having horizontal doorways in the circumference of the base A, which are closed by doors B. Each furnace has an ash-pit. The grates take a concave form for the inner half of their length, being Another is making that part of the depressed at that part for the purpose of retaining the fuel and preventing it from falling into the kiln or from being forced therein by the draft. The furnaces counnunicate with the kiln through fines G, which maybe divided by pillars D, that support the arches above.

The letters E designate openings made into each furnace from above, for the purpose of supplying fuel when coal is used. Each opening E has a door,I F. When wood is used for fuel it is introduced into the furnaces through the doors B, but in cases where coal is used, or any other fuel which is more conveniently introduced through the upper doors or openings, E, the horizontal doorways are closed by blocks G, which should be made of iron, one of which is seen in detail in the drawings.

The kiln here shown is of the kind commonly known as a draw-kilin7 because the lime, as fast as made, is removed from the kiln. This has heretofore been done from the side, the lime being drawn out in a hot state by a shovel. My improvement embraces a material change from this mode of operatin g draw-kilns. The sides of the lower part of my kiln, below the `level of the flues C, are made to converge in a downward direction, so as to bring the bottom or lowest part in line with one side of the interior wall. rI he bottom of the kiln llas an opening through it, which is closed by a drawgate, H, operated from without by a handle. The hot lime falls through the draw-gate into a space left below the base A, from whence it can be taken at pleasure, after time has been given it to become cool.

I designates a metallic cylinder, preferably of iron, which forms the outside of the kiln above the tops of the flues. It is lined with fire-brick nearly to its top, such lining being divided into a lower section, J, and an upper section, K, which are separated from each other by an annular iange, L, projecting in a horizontal direction from the inner sides of cylinder I. The upper section,K, of the lining rests n the flan ge. ln consequence of this arrangement I am enabled to repair thelower section, which is exposed to the greatest heat, and will therefore be sooner injured or destroyed, withoutdisturbing the upper section. An annular space, M, is left between the fire-brick linings J K and the metallic cylinder, both above and below iiange L, and this space is lled with leached ashes or other suitable non-conducti ng material. The top of the fire-brick lining is surmounted by a hollow movable mouth-piece, N, made of metal, of the shape of an inverted truncated cone, whose flaring rim fits over the top of the metallic cylinder.

One advantage which is derived from giving a round form to the base of the kiln is that the furnaces can be more numerous and can be ar-. ranged so that the heat tc which the charge will be subjected will be equal, or nearly so, the tlues of the several furnaces converging toward the centerof the kiln. By having many fires instead of few there is less danger of overtaxing the furnaces in producing the intense heat which is required to reduce the stoneinto lime.

My invention enables the operator to use either wood or coal or peatas the fuel to operate the kiln, and can change fr om one to the other without other preparation than removing or replacing the blocks G. It will be observed' that these blocks are so made as to fill the front parts of the fnrnaces,thereby lessening their dimensions, and that the inner ends of the blocks are inclined toward the grates in order to promote the eas5r descent of the fuel toward the grates when poured in through the upper openings, E.

The cylinder or shell I of the kiln may be made of boiler-iron or other suitable metal. One of the advantagesderived from making it 0f metal and lining it, as set forth, is that l less heat will be lost from the charge than is lost in kilns whose bodies are made of stone. The draw-gate at the bottoni and the converging sides of the lower part ofthe kiln enable the attendant to drawr the lime from time to time as it is produced, with much less labor than in ordinary kilns, where the lime is drawn by shoveling and hauling it out from the side. The draw-gate H having been opened, the lime will fall to the ground without the necessity of handling it in removing it from the kiln.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. Making' the furnaces of lime-kilns with upper openings or doors for admitting coal, in combination with horizontal doors or openings for admitting Wood, so that either kind of fuel can be used, substantially as described.

2. The block G, made substantially as described, for llin g the front part of a furnace when coal is to be used as fuel and for conducting the coal to the grate, as above shown.

3. Making the body of a lime-kiln substantially as above described-that is to say, with a metallic outer cylinder, a fire-brick or equivalent lining, and a non-conducting material between the two, with a projecting base for the arrangement of tlues.

4. Making a horizontal flange on the inside of the metallic cylinder I, for the purpose of ,a

separating the upper part of the inner lining from the lower part, substantially as above described.

5. lhe arrangement of the gateH and base of the kiln in the manner and for the purpose herein speeied.

HALSEY PELTON.

Vitnesses SAML. H. METCALF, GHAs. METCALF. 

